During the past fifteen years, there is a growing interest in the "Traditional Knowledge of the environment" (Traditional Environmental Knowledge or TEK) and the use that is made. This increase coincides with the settlement of land claims, the emergence of co-management regimes, and the ancestry of the power and influence of First Nations in decision-making. This article examines the discourse on the current application and potential TEK. TEK is the result of complex interactions between culture and the natural environment. Although there are cosmologies and different uses, some common themes, covering the acquisition and transmission of knowledge emerge. The application of this knowledge is beneficial. However, it remains to solve some problems such as the compatibility between Western scientific knowledge and TEK as well as the acquisition and application of TEK by foreigners. When knowledge is extirpated from their immediate context, they are transformed to suit the user and the scale at which they are used. Two problems arise: 1) TEK undergoes changes being taken out of its original context, 2), it can be boarded at decisions on the management of land and resources in a way that is not used automatically interests of First Nations peoples