This publication includes a number of papers given at a workshop on Native Peoples and Wildlife Management, held in October 1986, during the Boreal Institute's 25th Anniversary conference on "Knowing the North: Integrating Tradition, Science and Technology." Some of the papers in this collection provide a number of case studies relating to traditional knowledge and management institutions among Inuit groups in arctic Canada, the Cree of the Canadian subarctic, Athabaskans in Alaska, and the Sami of northern Norway. The papers in this publication also deal with management, whether traditional/indigenous, or prevailing state-mandated systems based on non-indigenous scientific perspectives. Some authors are concerned more especially to show that the traditional knowledge systems continue to function in northern Native societies to "manage" the human-wildlife interactions in ways that are equitable, sustainable, and in conformity with long-held tradition. Throughout this conference, there is an urge for further integration of the science-based state management system with traditional systems of self-regulation. This collection of papers is dedicated to the notion of increased understanding and a greater respect for traditional ecological knowledge. This need for recognition is not only directed to non-Native people inside and outside of the North, but also to young northern Natives who are increasingly unaware of many of the traditions that have served their ancestors for countless generations and which continue to have relevance to the environmental problems facing humankind today and in the future.