The writer gathered the data presented in the present paper chiefly during the summers of 1931, 1932, 1933, 1934 and 1937. About one half of the information was collected in 1931 and 1937 among the Tete de Boule Cree of the upper St. Maurice River, Quebec, and in 1931 among the Chipewyan and other Athapaskan-speaking peoples of the Great Slave Lake region; the other half, in 1932-34 among the Cree and Montagnais of the James Bay region, and in 1936 among the Seneca of New York. The writer's stay among the Great Slave Lake tribes was relatively short, and no doubt, there is much more to be gathered on their snares and deadfalls. The data, however, on the Tete de Boule Cree on the James Bay Cree, and on the western Labrador and Waswanipi Montagnais approach more closely to completeness, although even among these groups there is very likely more to be learned than the writer succeeded in learning. The book deals only with traditional snares, deadfalls, and some other traps and trap-like devices, which are used for birds and for land animals. Fish traps and general hunting customs are not dealt with in this publication. The illustrations depicted throughout this book are all of full-size traps set in the woods and consist of half tones of photos and line cuts of sketches. Bibliography included.