This document presents the results of a workshop on the documentation and application of traditional environmental knowledge through community-based research. It examines the process of collecting traditional environmental knowledge while using a participatory action' or `community-based' approach. It looks at the problems associated with documenting traditional knowledge--problems that are shared by researchers around the world--and it explores some of the means by which traditional knowledge can be integrated with Western science to improve methods of natural resource management. Bibliography, Maps.