The social roles and cultural expectations of women and men in creating residential structures and their associated storage facilities and work stations are investigated. Ethnoarchaeological research among Subarctic Dene (Chipewyan), Cree and Metis communities employs a gender-conscious approach for understanding how feature size and alignment, general site organization, and intra- vs. inter-site uses of space are linked to complex decisions and actions made by both women and men. Moreover, gender patterning in the archaeological materials is linked to an array of economic, social and political factors reflecting late fur trade political economy of north-central Canada. Information for this analysis derives from ethnoarchaeological surveys conducted at a regional network of 44 late historic sites in northwestern Saskatchewan. Most of the sites represent multi-family seasonal encampments and trading outpost settlements occupied in the period between 1890 and 1950