<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="6.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Choquette-Levy, N.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Should Alberta upgrade oil sands bitumen? An integrated life cycle framework to evaluate energy systems investment tradeoffs</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CCS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CO2</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">economics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GHG</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">legislation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">model</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">modeling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">planning</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">policy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">social issues</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">UofC</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">09/2011</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/obj/thesescanada/vol2/002/MR81942.PDF</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">University of Calgary Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering </style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Calgary, AB </style></pub-location><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">194 pages</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The inclusion of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions costs in energy systems decision- making requires the development of a framework to inform stakeholders of the full costs and benefits of potential investments. This thesis develops such a framework by integrating life cycle assessment (LCA) with cost-benefit analysis (CBA) to explore the GHG and economic tradeoffs involved in upgrading vs. diluting oil sands bitumen under proposed carbon-price policies. An LCA study of these pathways is conducted through the development of a well-to-tank (WTT) spreadsheet model based on engineering principles and industry data. Plausible ranges of GHG emissions are developed for these pathways to explore GHG reduction opportunities. A CBA is then conducted to explore the costs and benefits of upgrading and dilution investments from multiple stakeholder perspectives. This thesis finds that at stringent carbon prices (&gt; $75/tonne CO2e), public and private stakeholders may diverge in their views on whether Alberta should upgrade bitumen.</style></abstract><custom4><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">OSEMB</style></custom4></record></records></xml>