<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="6.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Botchwey, Christian</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Synthesis, characterization and kinetics of nickel-tungsten nitride catalysts for hydrotreating of gas oil</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">oil refining</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Syncrude Canada Ltd.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://ecommons.usask.ca/bitstream/handle/10388/etd-07192010-092232/PhD-Thesis-Botchwey-C.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">University of Saskatchewan</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemical Engineering</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">279</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">en</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">This thesis summarizes the methods and major findings of Ni-W(P)/ã-Al2O3 nitride cata-lyst synthesis, characterization, hydrotreating activity, kinetic analysis and correlation of the catalysts activities to their synthesis parameters and properties.&lt;p&gt; The range of parameters for catalyst synthesis were W (15-40 wt%), Ni (0-8 wt%), P (0-5 wt%) and nitriding temperature (TN) (500-900 °C). Characterization techniques used included: N2 sorption studies, chemisorption, elemental analysis, temperature programmed studies, x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive x-ray, infrared spectroscopy, trans-mission electron microscopy and x-ray absorption near edge structure. Hydrodesulfurization (HDS), hydrodenitrogenation (HDN) and hydrodearomatization (HDA) were performed at: tem-perature (340-380 °C), pressure (6.2-9.0 MPa), liquid hourly space velocity (1-3 h-1) and hydro-gen to oil ratio (600 ml/ml, STP).&lt;p&gt; The predominant species on the catalyst surface were Ni3N, W2N and bimetallic Ni2W3N. The bimetallic Ni-W nitride species was more active than the individual activities of the Ni3N and W2N. P increased weak acid sites while nitriding temperature decreased amount of strong acid sites. Low nitriding temperature enhanced dispersion of metal particles. P interacted with Al2O3 which increased the dispersion of metal nitrides on the catalyst surface. HDN activity in-creased with Ni and P loading but decreased with increase in nitriding temperature (optimum conversion; 60 wt%). HDS and HDA activities went through a maximum with increase in the synthesis parameters (optimum conversions; 88. wt% for HDS and 47 wt% for HDA). Increase in W loading led to increase in catalyst activity. The catalysts were stable to deactivation and had the nitride structure conserved during hydrotreating in the presence of hydrogen sulfide.&lt;p&gt; The results showed good correlation between hydrotreating activities (HDS and HDN) and the catalyst nitrogen content, number of expos </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ph. D.</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oil &amp; Other Non-renewable Fuels</style></custom1><custom2><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Athabasca Oil Sands</style></custom2><custom3><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/701217764</style></custom3><custom4><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Science</style></custom4></record></records></xml>