<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="6.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wedage, Athapaththu Mudiyanselage Pathma</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Influence of rate effects on the residual strength of moving slopes</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1995</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://search.proquest.com/docview/230799795</style></url></web-urls></urls><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">University of Alberta</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Civil Engineering</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">232</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">en</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The existing literature on the rate effects on residual strength is reviewed. Clearwater clay-shale, present in the foundation of Syncrude Tailings Dyke situated in northern Alberta, is tested under different rates, in both ring shear apparatus and the direct shear box. The clay-shale, which has a Plasticity Index of 107%, a Liquid Limit of 135%, natural water content of 23% and clay content of 49% shows an improved residual shear resistance at higher rates. It is found that the residual strength is increased by 3.4-3.5%, for a tenfold increase in the strain rate. The tested range of displacement rates is 0.185 mm/day to 7.0 mm/day. Judging from the existing literature on such rate effects, a broad correlation between the plasticity of clay and rate effects is obtained.

By extension of the plasticity theory, a constitutive relationship is developed to model the strain rate-dependence of residual strength. It can be easily incorporated into existing finite element plasticity codes. The model is coded in the program $\rm PISA\sp{TM}$ (Chan and Morgenstern, 1992) and calibrated using an illustrative example.

A simulation of construction movements at Cell 23 of Syncrude Tailings Dyke has been done. Cell 23 of the tailings dyke has been identified as a problem area where more than 38 cm of horizontal movement has been observed at some locations over a period of 11 years. Clearwater clay-shale, present beneath portions of the dyke, is found previously sheared, due to glacial drag forces of the overlying till. The use of the rate-dependent model, for the shear zone, was found to provide a satisfactory basis for simulation of the movement pattern. The results of the deformation analysis provide the anticipated field velocities and show how they deteriorate with time to a reasonable accuracy.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ph. D.</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Syncrude Tailings Dyke</style></notes><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oil &amp; Other Non-renewable Fuels</style></custom1><custom3><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/46505829</style></custom3><custom4><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Science</style></custom4></record></records></xml>