@proceedings {54085,
	title = {The use of stable isotopes to trace oil sands constituents},
	year = {2002},
	note = {IN: Proceedings of the 29th Annual Aquatic Toxicity Workshop October 21-23, 2002. Whistler, British Columbia. Eichkoff C.V. G.C. van Aggelen and A.J. Nimi (Eds.). Canadian Technical Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences No. 2438. pp. 62.},
	month = {10/2002},
	pages = {62 pages },
	publisher = {Canadian Technical Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences No. 2438},
	abstract = {A study was conducted to determine the biological effects of oil sands mining operations on aquatic ecosystems. The study focused on the Athabasca oil sand deposit, the largest of 4 deposits in northern Alberta. In particular, the study examined the cycling of oil sand constituents in Benthic invertebrates collected from test pits at Syncrude Canada Ltd.. The invertebrates were similar in size, but different in the quantity of process-affected water or mature fine tailings containing residual bitumen. Dragonflies and damselflies in particular, showed trends of depletion for the carbon 13 isotope and enrichment in nitrogen 15 isotope in pits where levels of process affected water was high. The depletion of carbon 13 isotope suggests that oil sand constituents assimilate into the benthic food chain. The greatest carbon 13 depletion, which was approximately 27 per cent, was found to be in test pits with high turbidity. This implies that oil sands constituents degrade microbially instead of by photosynthetic production. All benthic invertebrate group demonstrated an incremental enrichment in nitrogen 15 isotope from the control pit to the pit with greatest levels of mature fine tailings
},
	keywords = {analytical methodology, Biodegradation, bioremediation, invertebrates, Syncrude},
	url = {https://inis.iaea.org/search/search.aspx?orig_q=RN:34038883},
	author = {Farwell, A. J. and Nero, V. and Dixon, D. G.}
}
