@mastersthesis {43099,
	title = {Cost-effective sampling design for large-scale avian monitoring},
	volume = {Renewable Resources},
	year = {2001},
	pages = {87},
	address = {University of Alberta},
	abstract = {Despite their important roles in biodiversity conservation, large-scale ecological monitoring programs are scarce, in large part due to the difficulty of achieving effective design under fiscal constraints. Using long-term avian monitoring in Alberta{\textquoteright}s boreal forest as an example, I evaluated several sampling designs for cost-effectiveness. Empirical parameter estimates were used in simulations that estimated power of designs to detect trend in species{\textquoteright} populations and community metrics. The ability to detect trend with increased sample effort depended on the monitoring target{\textquoteright}s variability and how effort was allocated to sampling parameters. Integration of power and cost estimates identified two cost-effective sampling strategies: multiple within-site plots are preferable to multiple within-year surveys for decreasing sample error; and, many sites should be sampled relatively infrequently rather than sampling few sites frequently, although importance of frequent sampling increases for variable targets. To facilitate cost-effective monitoring of biodiversity, this analysis must be extended to additional taxa.},
	url = {http://search.proquest.com/docview/304740858},
	author = {Carlson, Matthew John}
}
